Floating Riverine Litter Flux to the White Sea: Seasonal Changes in Abundance and Composition

Arctic rivers bring litter from their basins to the sea, but accurate data for do not exist yet. This study presents first assessment of floating macro input (>2.5 cm) Northern Dvina and Onega White Sea. The observations were performed based on European Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) methodology using mobile application Joint Research Centre (Ispra, Italy). results May 2021 November show that 77% objects natural origin (mainly leaves, wood bird feathers). Of particles anthropogenic origin, 59.6% represented by various types plastics, 27.7% processed wood, 8.5% paper/cardboard, 2.7% metal, 1.1% rubber <1% textiles. average monthly varies 250 1700 items/hour, 520 2350 items/hour. level pollution studied was found be higher than in some Europeans lower China. mass discharge macroplastics River compared with estimates meso- microplastics; allowed us units is much micro- mesoplastics.